Articles & papers

A series of articles about knowledge structures

Part 1: An introduction to the concept of knowledge structures

I look at why the concept of knowledge structures is important, explain what a knowledge structure is and describe the different types of knowledge structures. Read here.

Part 2: Using the knowledge organisation hierarchy

The knowledge organisation hierarchy is a model that can be used for understanding the hierarchical organisation of knowledge and how to approach the structuring of content. Read here.

Part 3: Understanding book structures with content structure maps

Content structure maps can help readers understand how all the different parts of a non-fiction book fit together. Read here.

Part 4: Communicating arguments clearly with argument structure maps

An argument structure map provides a visual depiction of the structure of an argument, which gives clarity to the reader. Read here.

Using the computational efficiency of diagrams to help learners learn more effectively

An  article about the importance of minimising the amount of unnecessary cognitive effort demanded from learners and how diagrams can contribute to this. Read here.

Organising knowledge with multi-level content: Making knowledge easier to understand, remember and communicate

A paper about how the issues of structure and multiple knowledge levels create problems for learners – and how knowledge maps and multi-level content can help knowledge to be communicated more effectively. Read here.

Multi-level summaries: A new approach to non-fiction books

The paper shows how multi-level summaries can make non-fiction books easier to understand, remember and act on. Read here.

In defence of summaries: A response to Iain McGilchrist’s critique

In response to Iain McGilchrist, an acclaimed writer and psychiatrist, who argues that summaries are often detrimental, I suggest that summaries have many benefits. However there are always trade-offs in choosing summary or detail. That’s why they should always be combined rather than seen as an either/or choice. Read here.

The power of diagrams

An article about how effectively diagrams can enhance communication. It looks at four aspects of diagrams that show their explanatory power: communicating the big picture; communicating the essence of ideas; communicating complexity; and making processes more tangible. Read here.

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